1. What is Slope Ratio?

Slope ratio represents the steepness of an incline, expressed as the ratio of vertical change (rise) to horizontal change (run). In excavation, proper slope calculation is critical for safety and stability of trenches and embankments.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the slope ratio formula:

Where:

• \( rise \) — Vertical change (in meters or other units)
• \( run \) — Horizontal change (in meters or other units)

Explanation: The result is typically expressed as a ratio (e.g., 1:4) where the first number represents the vertical change and the second number represents the horizontal change.

3. Importance of Slope Calculation in Excavation

Details: Accurate slope calculation is essential for preventing cave-ins, ensuring worker safety, complying with OSHA regulations, and maintaining structural integrity of excavations.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter both rise and run values in the same units (typically meters). Both values must be positive numbers greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the typical slope ratio for excavation?
A: For most soil types, OSHA recommends a slope of 1:1 (45 degrees) or shallower for excavations deeper than 5 feet.

Q2: How does soil type affect slope ratio?
A: Stable rock may allow steeper slopes (up to 0.5:1), while loose sand requires shallower slopes (up to 1.5:1 or more).

Q3: Can I use different units for rise and run?
A: No, both measurements must be in the same units for the ratio to be accurate and meaningful.

Q4: What's the difference between slope ratio and slope percentage?
A: Slope ratio is expressed as rise:run (e.g., 1:4), while slope percentage is (rise/run) × 100%.

Q5: When should I consult an engineer about slope calculations?
A: Always consult a qualified engineer for excavations deeper than 20 feet, in unstable soil conditions, or near existing structures.