1. What is Grade of Slope?

Grade of slope represents the steepness or incline of a surface, expressed as a percentage. It is calculated as the ratio of vertical rise to horizontal run multiplied by 100.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the grade formula:

Where:

• \( rise \) — Vertical change (in units like meters or feet)
• \( run \) — Horizontal change (in units like meters or feet)

Explanation: The formula calculates the percentage of slope by comparing the vertical elevation change to the horizontal distance.

3. Importance of Grade Calculation

Details: Grade calculation is essential in civil engineering, construction, road design, landscaping, and accessibility planning to ensure proper slope gradients for safety and functionality.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter both rise and run values in the same units (meters, feet, etc.). Both values must be positive numbers greater than zero for accurate calculation.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is considered a steep slope?
A: Generally, slopes above 15-20% are considered steep, while slopes above 30% are very steep and may require special engineering considerations.

Q2: How does grade relate to angle?
A: Grade percentage can be converted to degrees using the formula: angle = arctan(rise/run). A 100% grade equals a 45-degree angle.

Q3: What are typical road grade limits?
A: Most highways have maximum grades of 6-8%, while mountain roads may have grades up to 12-15% in extreme conditions.

Q4: Can grade be negative?
A: Yes, negative grade indicates a downward slope or decline rather than an incline.

Q5: What units should I use for rise and run?
A: Use consistent units (both in meters, both in feet, etc.). The calculator will work with any unit system as long as both measurements use the same units.