1. What is Slope Grade?

Slope grade represents the steepness or incline of a surface, expressed as a percentage. It's calculated as the ratio of vertical rise to horizontal run, multiplied by 100 to convert to a percentage.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the grade formula:

Where:

• \( rise \) — Vertical change (in units like meters or feet)
• \( run \) — Horizontal change (in units like meters or feet)
• \( 100 \) — Percentage conversion factor (unitless)

Explanation: The formula calculates the ratio of vertical to horizontal distance and converts it to a percentage to express the slope's steepness.

3. Importance of Grade Calculation

Details: Grade calculation is essential in civil engineering, construction, road design, landscaping, and accessibility planning. It helps determine if a slope is suitable for specific purposes like vehicle traffic, wheelchair access, or drainage.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter both rise and run values in the same units (meters, feet, etc.). The run value must be greater than zero. The calculator will output the grade as a percentage.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between grade and angle?
A: Grade is expressed as a percentage, while angle is measured in degrees. A 45° angle equals a 100% grade.

Q2: What is considered a steep grade?
A: Generally, grades above 10% are considered steep for vehicles, while grades above 5% may be challenging for wheelchair users.

Q3: How do I measure rise and run in the field?
A: Use a level and measuring tape, or specialized tools like inclinometers or laser levels for more precise measurements.

Q4: Can I use different units for rise and run?
A: No, both measurements must be in the same units since the calculation involves a ratio that cancels out the units.

Q5: What does a negative grade indicate?
A: A negative grade indicates a downward slope (decline) rather than an upward slope (incline).